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What is R-Value? Guide to Home Insulation Types

Spraying Foam Insulation in Attic

When it comes to maintaining a comfortable and energy-efficient home in the Northwest suburbs of Chicago, understanding insulation R-values is crucial. The R-value measures an insulation material’s resistance to heat flow, with higher values indicating better insulating properties. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you navigate the world of insulation and make informed decisions for your home.

Benefits of Proper Insulation

  • Energy Savings: Proper insulation reduces the need for heating and cooling, leading to lower energy bills.
  • Enhanced Comfort: A well-insulated home maintains a consistent temperature, providing a more comfortable living environment.
  • Environmental Impact: Reducing energy consumption lowers your carbon footprint, contributing to a healthier planet.
  • Noise Reduction: Insulation under siding can also act as a sound barrier, reducing the amount of outside noise that enters your home.
  • Protection Against Moisture: Properly installed insulation can help protect your home’s structure from moisture-related issues such as mold and rot.

What is R-Value?

The R-value of insulation represents its thermal resistance. In simple terms, the higher the R-value, the better the insulation will prevent heat from escaping in the winter and entering in the summer. This is essential for homes in our geographical area, where seasonal temperature extremes can be significant.

How to Determine the R-Value of Insulation

To determine the R-value of your existing insulation, you can use a tape measure. Simply measure the thickness of the insulation by placing the tape measure against the ceiling board. Generally, for materials like fiberglass and cellulose, each inch of insulation equates to an R-value of approximately 3.5.

Recommended R-Values for Different Areas of Your Home

Your home doesn’t always require insulation with the highest R-value. The necessary R-value for your insulation should be tailored to the specific climate of your location:

Attic Insulation

  • For cold climates like the Midwest, the recommended R-value for attic insulation is R-49 to R-60. This typically means installing 16 to 20 inches of fiberglass or blown-in cellulose insulation.
  • Attics are a primary source of heat loss, so ensuring they are well-insulated is crucial for energy efficiency.

Wall Insulation

  • Exterior walls should have insulation with an R-value between R-13 and R-21, depending on the construction of the walls (2×4 or 2×6 studs).
  • Adding rigid foam board insulation on the exterior can further improve the R-value and overall thermal performance of your walls.

Floor and Crawlspace Insulation

  • For floors, especially over unheated spaces, an R-value of R-25 is recommended in colder climates.
  • Crawlspaces should have insulation rated R-19 to R-25, with careful attention to moisture control to prevent mold and mildew.

Enhancing insulation effectiveness can be achieved by layering different types of insulation materials. For instance, if your attic is already equipped with fiberglass insulation batts, you can further boost its R-value by adding blown-in cellulose insulation on top. This combination results in cumulative R-values, leading to superior thermal performance. By incorporating an additional layer of insulation, you can significantly improve your attic’s ability to resist heat flow, thus enhancing overall energy efficiency.

Types of Insulation Materials

Fiberglass

Common and cost-effective, fiberglass insulation comes in batts or blown-in forms with R-values ranging from R-2.9 to R-3.8 per inch. It’s ideal for attics, walls, and floors.

Cellulose

Made from recycled paper, cellulose is an eco-friendly option with R-values around R-3.2 to R-3.8 per inch. It is particularly effective for filling wall cavities and attics.

Spray Foam

Offering superior insulation with R-values from R-3.5 to R-6.5 per inch, spray foam also acts as an air barrier, sealing gaps and cracks.

Rigid Foam Board

Used for exterior walls, basements, and foundations, rigid foam boards have high R-values, typically around R-4 to R-6 per inch.

Mineral Wool

Known for its fire resistance, mineral wool provides excellent insulation with R-values similar to fiberglass.

Insulation Under Siding

Insulating under your home’s siding is a crucial step in enhancing its overall energy efficiency and comfort. This type of insulation involves adding a layer of insulating material (rigid foam board, spray foam, or mineral wool) directly between the exterior walls of your home and the siding.

When installing insulation under siding, it’s important to ensure that it is done correctly to maximize its benefits. The process typically involves removing the existing siding, installing the insulation material, and then reapplying the siding. This can be done during new construction or as part of a siding replacement project.

Holda Construction does not recommend more than a 1″ thickness for insulation under siding.

Hiring a professional for this type of insulation project ensures that the materials are installed correctly and efficiently, minimizing the risk of future issues. They will also ensure compliance with local building codes and standards.

Insulated Siding

Insulated siding is an innovative solution that combines the benefits of traditional siding with built-in insulation. This product is designed to enhance your home’s energy efficiency while providing a durable and attractive exterior finish.

Different brands offer various R-Values, typically ranging from R-2 to R-6, providing substantial insulation compared to traditional siding. Our go-to brands are PlyGem / Mastic, James Hardie, and LP Building Solutions/ LP SmartSide. Each option can be explored, and we will work with you to decide which is best based on the unique characteristics of your home.

What is Insulated Siding?

Insulated siding consists of vinyl or fiber cement panels with a layer of rigid foam insulation attached to the back. This combination provides an integrated solution that enhances thermal performance and improves the aesthetic appeal of your home.

Installation of Insulated Siding

Installing insulated siding involves attaching the insulated panels directly to your home’s exterior walls. This can be done over existing siding or as part of a new construction project. The process is relatively straightforward but requires precision to ensure that the panels are aligned correctly and that the insulation forms a continuous barrier.

While some homeowners may opt for a DIY approach, professional installation is recommended to ensure that the siding is properly installed and that all gaps and seams are sealed correctly. This will maximize the thermal performance and longevity of the siding.

By choosing insulated siding, you can enjoy the dual benefits of improved energy efficiency and a beautiful home exterior, making it a smart investment for any homeowner looking to enhance their property’s performance and appearance.

Looking to learn more about insulated siding? Feel free to follow this link to an additional blog: Is Insulated Siding Worth It?.

Installing Insulation: General Tips

When it comes to installing insulation, you have the option to hire a professional or handle the installation of rolls and batts yourself. For attics without insulation, we recommend you use faced insulation with the vapor barrier facing the living space. Cut the batts to fit snugly between ceiling joists. If insulation is already present in the attic, install unfaced batts perpendicular to the joists to increase the R-value. Proper installation is essential to prevent condensation problems.

Blown-in insulation, like fiberglass or cellulose, is typically installed by professionals, but DIY options such as GreenFiber cellulose insulation and rental blowers are available.

When installing insulation, always wear:

  • Gloves
  • Goggles
  • Long sleeves
  • A mask or respirator​

Case Study Example: Attic Insulation

We can be hired to manage insulation projects, ensuring optimal energy efficiency and compliance with relevant codes. For instance, following windstorm damage, an attic’s blown-in insulation became wet and compromised, necessitating removal as required by the home insurance company. Our comprehensive approach included:

  • Protecting surfaces with drop cloths and plastic.
  • Removing the compromised blown-in insulation using a commercial vacuum machine.
  • Disposing of fiberglass batts and all debris.
  • Cleaning the area thoroughly.
  • Installing proper baffles and blocking with fiberglass insulation around the building’s perimeter.
  • Air sealing penetrations, plates, and fixture boxes.
  • Laying down new fiberglass batt insulation with a vapor barrier.
  • Adding blown-in fiberglass insulation to achieve an R-value of R-60, though the insurance company approved R-40. We recommended the higher R-value for enhanced energy efficiency and protection.


This case highlights our detailed process and commitment to exceeding standard requirements for better insulation performance. See complete project details.

Conclusion

For homeowners in the Northwest suburbs of Chicago, understanding and optimizing your home’s insulation R-values is a key step towards enhancing energy efficiency and comfort. Whether you are retrofitting an older home or building new, selecting the right insulation with appropriate R-values can make a significant difference in your home’s performance.

For professional advice and installation services, consider reaching out to Holda Construction. Our expertise in the latest insulation technologies ensures that your home remains energy-efficient and comfortable year-round.

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